Mercedes-Benz truly hit its stride in 1985 with the introduction of the mid-range E-Class, a vehicle that brought forth a host of innovations that are now considered commonplace in modern automobiles. Among these groundbreaking models, the 1986 Mercedes 300e stands out as a paragon of engineering and design, boasting a potent fuel-injected 3-liter six-cylinder engine that delivered an impressive 177 horsepower.
Despite its status as a substantial and luxurious vehicle, the 1986 300E possessed performance capabilities that rivaled contemporary sports cars. It could outpace models like the Porsche 944 and IROC Camaro, achieving a top speed of 140 mph and accelerating from 0 to 60 mph in a brisk 7.8 seconds. Remarkably, this performance didn’t come at the expense of fuel efficiency. Driven with economy in mind, the 300E could achieve 30 mpg on highway journeys.
Most 1986 Mercedes 300E models were equipped with a smooth four-speed automatic transmission. For purists, a five-speed manual gearbox was a rarer, early production option. Safety was also a priority, with ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) becoming standardized in 1985, a testament to Mercedes-Benz’s commitment to innovation. Further pushing technological boundaries, the advanced 4-Matic all-wheel-drive system was introduced later in the production run (1990-93 in the U.S.), representing state-of-the-art technology for its time.
The W124 E-Class, of which the 1986 300E is a prime example, marked a significant departure from its predecessor, the W123, with a more aerodynamic and refined design. Its slippery silhouette contributed to a remarkably low coefficient of drag of just 0.028. This was achieved through features like an aerodynamic nose, smooth body panels, and underbelly pans, all contributing to enhanced fuel efficiency and reduced wind noise.
Underneath the skin, the 1986 300E featured a sophisticated five-link rear suspension system, a design that has since become widely adopted in the automotive industry. Select models even incorporated a semi-Citroen self-leveling rear suspension. This system utilized struts and gas spheres to maintain a consistent ride height, although the height itself remained fixed and was supported by coil springs when stationary.
Another notable innovation was the single wiper blade system. Employing an eccentric cam, this wiper was engineered to sweep across almost the entirety of the windshield, maximizing visibility in inclement weather. Thoughtful optional features, such as foldable rear headrests, further enhanced driver visibility when rear passengers were not present. Moreover, the 1986 300E was equipped with an oxygen sensor in its exhaust system, a pioneering step towards more efficient engine operation and reduced emissions.
Mercedes-Benz continued to refine the E-Class throughout its production run. A passenger airbag became available in 1989, followed by interior upgrades in 1990 and improvements to the stereo system in 1991. That same year, ASR traction control was introduced. This advanced system utilized the brakes to mitigate wheel slip and proved so effective that it largely superseded the complex and costly 4-Matic system, except in the most challenging driving conditions.
Expanding the E-Class range, a 300TD turbo diesel wagon variant was offered in 1987. In 1988, a gasoline-powered wagon, utilizing the same 177 bhp engine as the 300E sedan, replaced the diesel version. Both wagon models featured four-speed automatic transmissions, self-leveling rear suspension, and a substantial load-carrying capacity of 1,250 lbs.
For drivers seeking a sportier experience, the short-wheelbase 300CE coupe debuted in 1988, distinguished by its plastic lower body cladding. The coupe received variable valve timing and a four-valve head in 1990. In 1991, the transmission was revised to start in first gear instead of second, significantly enhancing off-the-line performance. Further engine upgrades followed, with a 217 bhp, DOHC 3-liter engine appearing in 1993. In 1994, the coupe was renamed the E320, aligning with Mercedes-Benz’s new naming convention.
The Mercedes-Benz E-Class, epitomized by the 1986 Mercedes 300E, undeniably elevated the standards for mid-range sedans, coupes, and wagons. Well-maintained examples remain attractive and competitive even today. However, prospective owners should be aware of potential issues. The automatic climate control system is known for its complexities and potential malfunctions, including switch pad failures and fragile compressors. The Becker Grand Prix radio is also reported to be prone to unreliability. For early production cars, upgrading the valve seals to Viton is recommended. Furthermore, the use of alkaline U.S. antifreeze can corrode plastic pipes within the cooling system.
Due to the advanced engineering of the 1986 300E and subsequent W124 models, deferred maintenance can lead to frustrating and costly repairs. Many systems, including accessory belt drives, suspension flex discs, and ABS brakes, are intricate. Therefore, meticulous maintenance records are crucial, and a thorough pre-purchase inspection by a qualified Mercedes-Benz technician is highly advisable for anyone considering acquiring a 1986 Mercedes 300E.
